This research aims to analyze and explain the foundations of the legitimacy of the religious government, based on Allamah Tabataba'i's interpretation of verses 246 and 247 of Surah Al-Baqarah. These verses refer to the Quranic narration of the incident of the people's request for the appointment of a commander for war by the Prophet of the Children of Israel and the divine appointment of Talut as the leader, and from this perspective, they contain a Quranic foundation for analyzing the concept of political legitimacy in the religious community. The qualitative research approach and its method are based on documentary and descriptive-analytical analysis. The main sources of the research are Allamah Tabataba'i's Tafsir Al-Mizan and complementary interpretive sources. The research findings indicate that in Allamah's intellectual system, the legitimacy of the government cannot be justified solely on the basis of public will, tribal affiliation, or material criteria, but rather the divine appointment and will are considered the focal point of legitimacy. At the same time, signs such as having knowledge and executive power as objective qualifications, as well as popular acceptance and support, are considered as conditions for its objective and social realization. This analysis also shows that from the perspective of the scholar, divine traditions in society such as the principle of struggle for survival, choosing the fittest, and following the environment, although they affect social order, find meaning under the auspices of the absolute divine will and wisdom. Accordingly, the desired religious government is a divine-people's government in which the link between political legitimacy and absolute divine guardianship and the conscious choice of the people is established, and this link will guarantee the happiness, good and prosperity of society.